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Friday, November 26, 2010

Not Your Type?.... Don't Sweat It

          A new technique can convert type A and type B red blood cells into type O, the "universal donor" blood type that can be transfused into all patients. The advance could help avoid blood shortages.
The four primary human blood types--A, B, AB, and O--arise from differences in molecules called antigens that dot the surface of red blood cells and provoke responses from the body's immune system. Individuals with the type A antigens make antibodies to type B antigen, which causes their bodies to attack and reject transfused type B blood as foreign. The same grim scenario unfolds for type B individuals who get type A blood. Blood from type O individuals lacks both antigens and can be safely transfused into people with all four blood types. Type O individuals can receive only type O blood, however, which means that during blood shortages, they may want for blood that’s been donated to patients with other blood types.

           To alleviate type O blood shortages, Henrik Clausen, a glycobiologist at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, and a team of scientists at ZymeQuest, a biotechnology company based in Beverly, Massachusetts, hunted for enzymes that convert other blood types to type O. The A and B antigens consist of similar branched carbohydrate molecules that differ in the sugars that cap their tips. The researchers searched for enzymes that would snip the sugars off the two antigens without damaging red blood cells. The company had previously isolated a coffee-bean enzyme that stripped the B antigen that worked, but too inefficiently. To identify and mass-produce more efficient enzymes, they tested extracts of 2500 kinds of bacteria and fungi. They focused on two enzymes: One, from a bacterium that causes infant meningitis, converted type A blood into type O, while another, from a human gut bacterium, converted type B to type O. (The two enzymes together convert type AB to type O.)

Each enzyme stripped so much of its target antigen from red blood cells that the antigen could not be detected by a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved blood-typing test and by a subsequent chemical test, the researchers reported online yesterday in Nature Biotechnology. ZymeQuest is testing the type-A-converting enzyme for effectiveness in blood clinics and hopes to conduct a clinical trial of the type-B-converting enzyme beginning later this year, Clausen says.:
"I was impressed" by the study, says transfusion scientist Geoff Daniels of the Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences in Bristol, U.K. Type O blood runs short any time blood is in short supply, Daniels says. If the technology proves safe and effective in humans and financially viable for blood banks, he concludes, in a few years the new enzyme technology "would be able to reduce the pressure on [type] O."
Related articles
  • Blood typing - All Information (umm.edu)
  • ABO incompatibility - All Information (umm.edu)
  • Transfusion reaction - hemolytic - All Information (umm.edu)
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Posted by waringin at 4:07 PM
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Labels: ABO blood group system, Blood transfusion, Blood type, Health care, Red blood cell

Wednesday, November 24, 2010

The PlayStation Purpura

           A 16-year-old boy presented with a number of asymptomatic pigmented macules on the volar aspect of his index fingers. Dermoscopy of each macule revealed a parallel ridge pattern of homogenous reddish-brown pigment.
  • We propose that these lesions were induced by repetitive trauma from a Sony PlayStation 3 (Sony Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) vibration feedback controller. 
  •  The lesions completely resolved following abstinence from gaming over a number of weeks. Although the parallel ridge pattern is typically the hallmark for early acral lentiginous melanoma, it may be observed in a limited number of benign entities, including subcorneal haematoma.

Reference:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20695869
Posted by waringin at 12:11 PM
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Saturday, November 20, 2010

Licia Ronzulli brings her baby to EU Parliament

           Licia Ronzulli, an Italian member of the European Parliament, embraces motherhood while voting on proposals to improve women's employment rights. But she had a 7-week-old infant that, presumably, she didn’t want to leave for long in case she had to nurse.


women_parliament_1
   So she did what I would do in a heartbeat: strapped the kid to her in a Moby and went to work. She claims she didn’t expect so much attention. (Do I believe that? No. Do I care? Double no. I’m on Team Licia!)
The 35-year-old member of the People of Freedom party (a conservative party) was a nurse, then a hospital director, before running for office. She won her seat last year, and now that she’s heard from so many people regarding her baby-toting adventure, she says she’s going to get together with other members of the European parliament to see if they can create legislation to improve the lives of working mothers.
“It was not a political gesture,” she said. “It was first of all a maternal gesture -- that I wanted to stay with my daughter as much as possible, and to remind people that there are women who do not have this opportunity, that we should do something to talk about this.”
She says she won’t make a habit of baby-wearing at the office, and that she’d leave if the baby woke up and started acting more like mine. “If I can bring her, I will,” she said. “If it’s not appropriate, I won’t.”

She’s careful to point out that this decision works for her, but might not work for other moms. For instance, a French member of the European parliament, Rachida Dati, returned to work five days after giving birth. This, Ronzulli says, was her right and her privilege. “A woman should be free to choose to come back after 48 hours. But if she wants to stay at home for six months, or a year, we should create the conditions to make that possible … everyone must decide for themselves.”

Forty-eight hours? I can’t imagine ducking out of an office meeting to take a 15-minute sitzbath! But yeah, Ronzulli’s painting a picture I really would like to see. As I sit in my home office, listening for the telltale sounds of my toddler’s awakening or my newborn’s need to nurse, do I wish I had a little more leeway? I sure do. Do I think it’s my right? Thanks to Licia, I’m starting to believe it is, yes.

After attracting attention for bringing her daughter to work, Ronzulli decided to meet next week with like-minded parliamentarians to discuss improving lives of working moms. (Photo: Vincent Kessler/Reuters)


women_parliament_2
Licia's daughter Vittoria gets an early introduction into politics. (Photo: Vincent Kessler/Reuters)

Source:
http://thestir.cafemom.com/baby


Related articles
  • adriennemae: "Licia Ronzulli, an Italian member of the European... (hexodus.tumblr.com)
  • It was maternal, not political, says Italian MEP who took her baby to work (guardian.co.uk)
  • MEP mother makes point about multi-tasking (bbc.co.uk)
  • Business leaders oppose EU maternity pay (telegraph.co.uk)
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Posted by waringin at 7:17 AM
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Labels: European Union, Italy, Member of the European Parliament, Mother, Mothers Rights, People of Freedom, Work

Tuesday, November 16, 2010

Yale Univ. Study finds Video/Computer Games Not so Bad for Teens

Objective 
Video game playing may negatively impact youth. However, the existing literature on gaming is inconsistent and often has focused on aggression rather than the health correlates of gaming and the prevalence and correlates of problematic gaming.


Methods  
We anonymously surveyed 4028 adolescents about gaming and reported problems with gaming and other health behaviors.  
  • A total of 51.2% of the sample reported gaming (76.3% of boys and 29.2% of girls).


Results 
There were no negative health correlates of gaming in boys and lower odds of smoking regularly; however, girls who reported gaming were less likely to report depression and more likely to report getting into serious fights and carrying a weapon to school.

  • Among gamers, 4.9% reported problematic gaming, defined as reporting trying to cut back, experiencing an irresistible urge to play, and experiencing a growing tension that could only be relieved by playing. 
  • Boys were more likely to report these problems (5.8%) than girls (3.0%). Correlates of problematic gaming included regular cigarette smoking, drug use, depression, and serious fights. Results suggest that gaming is largely normative in boys and not associated with many health factors. In girls, however, gaming seems to be associated with more externalizing behaviors and fewer internalizing symptoms.


Conclusions  
The prevalence of problematic gaming is low but not insignificant, and problematic gaming may be contained within a larger spectrum of externalizing behaviors. More research is needed to define safe levels of gaming, refine the definition of problematic gaming, and evaluate effective prevention and intervention strategies.

Reference:
 LA Times http:// latimes.com
[Check out the full study, published Tuesday in the journal Pediatrics.]
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Posted by waringin at 1:21 PM
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Labels: Adolescence, Behavior, Games, Health, Pediatrics, Tobacco smoking, Video game, Video game addiction, Yale University

Saturday, November 13, 2010

"This is How Medical Patients of the Present Should Look Like " the Warrel Co Says

           [To me, the most enthralling idea presented in the following massively important project you’re about to experience is this: “I don’t think of myself as the Patient of the Future – it is the perspective of the providers that puts me in this box of the Patient of the Future – I’m a patient of the present!” This project / video presentation is called “Design We Can All Live With” and it is about how a Minneapolis-based design firm is aiming toward a better patient-based healthcare system through technology right this moment.]
         This firm goes by the name “Worrell” and this solution session aims at a situation based in a technological world, but a world that intimately connects doctors with their patients. This presentation shows an epic talk between design professionals working with Worrell and one doctor and one patient. They of course represent the greater whole, expressing the wants and needs of the entire community.
This talk represents the past few years of Worrell talking with patients in their homes and at the medical office and hospitals about their needs, the needs of what Worrell knows are stakeholders in the medical world.           
          Worrell is an industrial design firm that works in interactive and medical technologies and has been for the past 35 years – they’ve been working on this particular project for the past four or five.
The images you see below in the gallery and later in the movie are of a set of technologies called “Pathway.” These web powered devices will not only store and keep current your medical records, they’ll aid in providing you, the patient, with helpful information like articles on your condition sent directly from your doctor.
Take a look at this video “Design We Can All Live With” and be completely inspired and excited for not the future of medical care, but the soon-to-be present!








Source:
http://YankoDesign.com
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Posted by waringin at 9:19 AM
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Labels: Medical technology, Medicine, Patient

Air Jordan Prosthetics

             3D printing has become an incredibly powerful tool to customize one-off products for differing applications. This project was based on using this technology to design a customized prosthetic leg for a specific user- a young, urban, male athlete. Nike was chosen as an appropriate brand to bring form to the leg. It also required familiarizing oneself with the emotional, medical, lifestyle, and physical changes the user would encounter.






Source: http://yankodesign.com
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Posted by waringin at 8:55 AM
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Labels: 3D printing, Artificial limb, Feet, Healthcare, Leg, Printing, Prosthetic

Friendship Paradox

  • The friendship paradox is the phenomenon first observed by the sociologist Scott L. Feld in 1991 that, for almost every person, that person's friends have more friends than they do.  In spite of its apparently paradoxical nature, the phenomenon is real, and can be explained as a consequence of the general mathematical properties of social network graphs. However, it may also be the cause of a number of social misconceptions.
  • The paradox is explained by the fact that one is more likely to be friends with someone who has more friends and less likely to be friends with someone who has fewer friends.
  • This observation has been used as a way to forecast the course of epidemics.
Source: wikipedia.com
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Posted by waringin at 8:18 AM
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Labels: Friends, Friendship paradox, Social network

Thursday, November 11, 2010

Who Can Benefit from PinHole Glasses?

  •  Pinhole glasses, also known as stenopeic glasses, are eyeglasses with a series of pinhole-sized perforations filling an opaque sheet of plastic in place of each lens.
  • Similar to the workings of a pinhole camera, each perforation allows only a very narrow beam of light to enter the eye which reduces the size of the circle of confusion on the retina and increases depth of field. In eyes with refractive error, the result is often a clearer image.
  • Unlike conventional prescription glasses, pinhole glasses produce a clear image without the pincushion effect around the edges (which makes straight lines appear curved). While pinhole glasses are useful for people who are both near- and far-sighted, they are not recommended for people with over 6 diopters of myopia. 
  • Additionally, pinhole glasses reduce brightness and peripheral vision, and thus should not be used for driving or when operating machinery.
       

The pinhole occluder, a device used by ophthalmologists for diagnosis of refractive errors, works on the same principles, but is not intended for use outside of diagnosis.
As viewing through a pinhole can much improve clarity of vision of people with refractive error, in an emergency a clear view can sometimes be obtained by looking through a single improvised pinhole.

How Insta Focus Pinhole Glasses Work

before pinhole glasses

after pinhole glassesS

Refference:
http://www.bodymindwisdom.com/info_pinholesforwho.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhole_glasses
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Posted by waringin at 10:36 AM
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Labels: Driving, Eyewear, Glasses, Myopia, Pinhole, Pinhole camera

Sleep Well - Wireless Blood Glucose Monitoring Device

         Sleep Well is a wireless blood glucose monitoring device concept, designed aiming to eliminate the sleepless nights of parents with the tension of getting their kids glucose level down to the extreme level. The system comprises a portable and lightweight monitor with an ability to take wireless signal that parents keep with them and a wearable bracelet monitor that remains fastened on the child’s hand to transmit the health condition to the monitor. This monitor allows the parents to check their kid’s health without even leaving her bed and can be set to trigger an alarm when the blood sugar level of the child crosses a particular height.         
          Moreover, parents can easily review their child’s nightly activities during the middle of the night at their bedside convenient. If an emergency situation takes place, they can rush to their child’s room with the monitor to perform the aid that has to be taken based on the information displayed on the monitor.
sleep well


sleep well


sleep well
sleep well
sleep well
sleep well
sleep well
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Posted by waringin at 9:49 AM
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Labels: Blood glucose monitoring, Blood sugar, Child, Diabetes, Diabetes mellitus, Glucose, Health, Parent

Futuristic ICU Beds

icu bed conceptThe aim of ICU Bed is to assist in improving the quality of intensive care of patients in very critical condition thanks to its innovative design solution for Intensive Care Units and Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Units. Design of ICU Bed was developed by Daniel Pavlik as project in cooperation with Linet company. Main intention was to create modern, almost futuristic, unified design which matches all strict safety standards. Combination of white and light gray color is chosen not only because of its aesthetic harmony but also because of its hygienics qualities (dirt could be better seen on white surface). Well the result is indeed a futuristic ICU bed, hopefully this doesn’t make the patients afraid to lay there or feel trapped inside those transparent frame.
icu bed concept
icu bed concept
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Posted by waringin at 9:45 AM
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Labels: Anesthesia, Anesthesiology, Health, Intensive-care medicine, Intensive-care unit, ITU, Medical Specialties, Medical state, Medicine

Wednesday, November 3, 2010

International holidays and observances - November 2010


  • November retained its name (from the Latin novem meaning "nine"
  • November is a month of spring in the Southern Hemisphere and autumn in the Northern Hemisphere. Therefore November in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of May in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa.

First Week of November
  • Diabetes Education Week (US National)
    • American Diabetes Association Web site: www.diabetes.org
  • Health Information and Technology Week (US National)
    • Source: American Health Information Management Association Web site: www.ahima.org/hitweek/
  • Medical Staff Services Week (US National)
    • Source: National Association Medical Staff Services Web site: www.namss.org
Second Week of November
  • Radiologic Technology Week (US National)
    • Source: American Society of Radiologic Technologists Web site: www.asrt.org/content/eventsandconferences/nrtw.aspx
  • World Kindness Week
    • World Kindness Day is always November 13th
    • Source: www.actsofkindness.org/people/days.asp
Third Week of November
  • American Education Week (Observed the full week prior to Thanksgiving.)
    • National Education Association Web site: www.nea.org/aew
  • Bladder Health Week
  • Lung Cancer Awareness Week
Fourth Week of November
  • Adoption Week (National, US)  - Observed Thanksgiving Week
    • November is Adoption Awareness Month (National) and National Adoption Day is celebrated every year on the Saturday before Thanksgiving.
      • For information and The History of National Adoption Month, see the North American Council for Adoption Website: www.adoptioncouncil.org.
      • National Adoption Day Web site: www.nationaladoptionday.org
  • Bible Week (National, US)
    • Celebrated each year from Sunday to Sunday of Thanksgiving week.  For more information, see:  www.nationalbible.org
  • Family Caregivers Week (National, US)
    • Observed Thanksgiving Week
  • Family Week (National, US)
    • Observed Thanksgiving Week - see National Family Week Web site:  www.nationalfamilyweek.org
     

    Events in November

  • All Saints' Day (formerly All Hallows Day), a Christian holy day, is celebrated on November 1. The day before, Halloween, is therefore "All Hallows Eve". In Sweden the All Saints' official holiday takes place on the first Saturday of November.
  • National Adoption Day – November
  • 1 November – Day of the leaders of the Bulgarian national revival
  • In Ireland, November 1 is regarded as the first day of Winter.
  • November 1 is called November Day (Lá Samhna) in Celtic tradition and is thus named in the Irish Calendar, where the month is called Mí na Samhna.
  • In the pagan wheel of the year, November begins at or near Samhain in the northern hemisphere and Beltaine in the southern hemisphere.
  • In the Roman Catholic calendar, November 2 is All Souls Day. It is known in Mexico as el Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead), and the whole month of November is especially dedicated to praying for the dead
  • Britain and New Zealand celebrate Guy Fawkes Night, the anniversary of the failed Gunpowder Plot, on November 5.
  • In Indonesia, November 10 is known as National Heroes Day
  • Remembrance Day is celebrated on November 11 in the Commonwealth of Nations and various European countries (including France and Belgium) to commemorate World War I and other wars. It is known as Veterans' Day in the United States.
  • Independence Day in Poland on November 11.
  • November 10 is the birthday of the United States Marine Corps.
  • In India, Children's Day is celebrated on November 14, the birthdate of first Indian Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • The Leonids meteor shower reaches its peak around November 17.
  • Latvian Independence day November 18.
  • Discovery to the Eastern World of Puerto Rico by Christopher Columbus on November 19, 1493.
  • Día de la Revolución, or Revolution Day, is celebrated in Mexico on November 20.
  • Transgender Day of Remembrance has occurred on November 20 each year in the United States since 1999.
  • Independence Day in Lebanon on November 22
  • On 24 November each year, Lachit Divas is celebrated statewide in Assam, India, to commemorate the heroism of the great general Lachit Borphukan and the victory of the Assamese army over the Mughal army at the battle of Saraighat in 1671.
  • The United States and Puerto Rico observe Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday in November.
  • For Western Christians, Advent usually begins on a Sunday during the last week of November.
  • Scotland and Romania celebrates St Andrews Day, its official national day, on 30 November. Since 2006 it has been an official bank holiday.
  • International Men's Day is commemorated on the 19 November.
  • Suriname is celebrating its Independence Day on November 25.
Posted by waringin at 6:12 AM
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Labels: Diabetes, Events, national day, November, observances, spring, winter

Home vs. Hospital Birth

           A constant small, but clinically important, number of American women choose to deliver at home. Contradictory professional and public policies reflect the polarization and politicization of the controversy surrounding this birth option. Women opting for home birth seek and often attain their goals of a nonmedicalized experience in comfortable, familiar surroundings wherein they maintain situational control. However, home deliveries in developed Western nations are often associated with excess perinatal and neonatal mortality, particularly among nonanomalous term infants.
          A home birth in developed countries is an attended or an unattended childbirth in a non-clinical setting, typically using natural childbirth methods, that takes place in a residence rather than in a hospital or a birth centre, and usually attended by a midwife or lay attendant with expertise in managing home births.
  • Women with access to high-quality medical care may choose home birth because they prefer the intimacy of a home and family-centered experience or desire to avoid a medically-centered experience typical of a hospital or clinical setting. Professionals attending women in home births are usually trained to provide limited medical care, including administering oxygen and managing events like shoulder dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, repairing perineal tears, and resuscitating infants. Home birth was until the advent of modern medicine the de facto method of delivery.
  •  In developing countries, where women may not be able to afford medical care or it may not be accessible to them, a home birth may be the only option available, and the woman may or may not be assisted by an attendant of any kind.
  • The safety of home birth has been a subject of some controversy, especially among professional physicians groups. A number of studies have shown that the safety of an attended home birth for low-risk women is equal to the risks of giving birth in the hospital or a birthing center, though the quality and reliability of the available data has been called into question. The American Medical Association and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists oppose home birth on the basis that a seemingly uncomplicated birth can still potentially become a medical emergency without warning, and they assert that home birth makes the birth experience a greater priority than safety.
      Wax JR and coauthors ( Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA)  note that 1 in 200 women deliver infants at home, for a total of approximately 25,000 annual home deliveries in the United States, most of which seem to have been planned.
  •  The investigators further note that many studies comparing home deliveries with hospital deliveries have not accounted for whether the home delivery was planned; however, planned home deliveries that results in hospitalization often appear in the hospital delivery data, essentially leading to multiple systematic biases in those comparisons (ie, home births that go badly end up in the hospital and are treated as hospital births in comparison studies). By comparing planned home deliveries with planned hospital deliveries, Wax and colleagues sought to reduce some of the bias in reporting outcomes of all home vs hospital deliveries.
         The investigators conducted a systematic search for appropriate studies to include in the meta-analysis. They queried MEDLINE for the period 1950 through November 2009, searching for studies performed in developed Western countries, published in English, and peer-reviewed, that reported both maternal and newborn outcomes and included planned delivery location for each birth.
Maternal outcomes of interest were use 
  • of epidural anesthesia, 
  • electronic fetal heart rate monitoring, 
  • episiotomy, 
  • assisted vaginal delivery (forceps or vacuum), and 
  • cesarean delivery. 
 For infants, outcomes of interest were :
  • 5-minute Apgar score, prematurity (less than 37 weeks' gestation), 
  • low birthweight, 
  • macrosomia, post-due date delivery (42 weeks or more), 
  • need for assisted ventilation,
  • perinatal death (fetal death after 20 weeks), or
  • neonatal death (death of a live-born infant within 28 days of delivery).
   The meta-analysis included 12 studies published between 1984 and 2009;-maternal-infant numbers ranged from 11 to more than 470,000.
  1. Planned home births involved fewer interventions;
  2. they involved less epidural use (9.0% vs 22.9% in planned hospital deliveries), 
  3. lower rates of electronic fetal heart rate monitoring (13.8% vs 62.6%), and
  4. lower rates of cesarean delivery (5% vs 9.3%). 
  5. In general, rates of maternal complications (eg, lacerations) were also lower with planned home deliveries. 
  6. Neonatal outcomes were not favorable with planned home delivery, however. 
  7. Although birth of a premature infant (0.8% vs 4.7%) and birth of a low-birthweight infant (1.3% vs 2.2%) were less common among planned home deliveries than planned hospital deliveries and perinatal death rates were the same in both groups (0.07% vs 0.08%),
  8. neonatal death rates were higher among planned home deliveries (0.20% vs 0.09%),corresponding to an odds ratio of 1.98 (95% CI, 1.19-3.28). 
Viewpoint
         Wax and colleagues state that the lower frequencies of premature and low birthweight infants among planned home births suggest that mothers who plan to deliver at home are at lower obstetric risk than those who plan to deliver in hospitals. That likelihood makes the finding of increased neonatal deaths even more compelling: Infants born to mothers with lower obstetric risk should generally be expected to have less problematic neonatal courses. We do not know whether the increased risk for neonatal death with home birth is the result of such factors as lower rates of intrapartum fetal monitoring or the fact that fewer skilled individuals are present at home deliveries. I would add to those possibilities the fact that all home births that require intensive care are by definition "outborn," meaning that they must be transported to a level 3 center to receive appropriate care. Among infants who require intensive care, outborn infants do worse than inborn infants.
      The increased risk for neonatal death among home-delivered infants probably has many contributing factors, and many unmeasured biases could play into these results. However, the fact that pregnancies with fewer complications were overrepresented among planned home births makes the disparity in neonatal outcomes very intriguing.
References:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
http://www.medscape.com/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21041010
http://journals.lww.com/obgynsurvey/Abstract/
http://www.homebirth.org.uk/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_birth
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Posted by waringin at 4:26 AM
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Labels: Caesarean, Childbirth, Comfort, Epidural anesthesia, Fetal, Health, Home birth, Infants, Maine Medical Center, Medical care, Medicine, Midwifery, Perinatal mortality, Pregnancy, Water birth
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      • Not Your Type?.... Don't Sweat It
      • The PlayStation Purpura
      • Licia Ronzulli brings her baby to EU Parliament
      • Yale Univ. Study finds Video/Computer Games Not s...
      • "This is How Medical Patients of the Present Shoul...
      • Air Jordan Prosthetics
      • Friendship Paradox
      • Who Can Benefit from PinHole Glasses?
      • Sleep Well - Wireless Blood Glucose Monitoring Device
      • Futuristic ICU Beds
      • International holidays and observances - November ...
      • Home vs. Hospital Birth
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